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Predators are important for regulating adult sea urchin densities. Here, we employ remote underwater video cameras to record diurnal predation on tethered sea urchins at Lizard Island on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). We identified four fish predators of adult sea urchins (Balistoides viridescens, Balistapus undulatus, Lethrinus atkinsoni and Choerodon schoenleinii). Predator activity appeared to be site-specific. Balistoides viridescens and B. undulatus (f: Balistidae) were the two most important predators of Echinometra mathaei with the former handling E. mathaei significantly faster (mean 0.7?min) than B. undulatus (5.2?min). Balistoides viridescens also successfully preyed on 70?% of detections, while C. schoenleinii, B. undulatus and L. atkinsoni preyed on just 33, 17 and <1?%, respectively. Additionally, B. viridescens were behaviourally dominant among predator species and were observed as aggressors in 30 encounters with B. undulatus and 8 encounters with L. atkinsoni. In only one encounter was B. viridescens the recipient of any aggression (from B. undulatus). In terms of relative vulnerability, of the three sea urchin species examined, E. mathaei were more vulnerable to predation than Diadema setosum or Echinothrix calamaris, with mean handling times of 1.2, 4.8 and 10.3?min, respectively. Balistoides viridescens and B. undulatus both appear to be able to play an important role as predators of sea urchins on the relatively intact coral reefs of Lizard Island. However, B. viridescens emerge as the most efficient predator in terms of handling speed and the proportion of detections preyed upon. They were also the behaviourally dominant predator. This preliminary study of the predators of sea urchins on the GBR highlights the potential significance of relatively scarce but functionally important species. 相似文献
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Eun Jin Park Joon Young Song Min Ju Choi Ji Ho Jeon Jah-yeon Choi Tae Un Yang Kyung Wook Hong Ji Yun Noh Hee Jin Cheong Woo Joo Kim 《The Korean journal of parasitology》2014,52(4):425-428
A 45-year-old-male who had underlying ulcerative colitis and presented with fever and dry cough. Initially, the patient was considered to have invasive aspergillosis due to a positive galactomannan assay. He was treated with amphotericin B followed by voriconazole. Nevertheless, the patient deteriorated clinically and radiographically. The lung biopsy revealed eosinophilic pneumonia, and ELISA for Toxocara antigen was positive, leading to a diagnosis of pulmonary toxocariasis. After a 10-day treatment course with albendazole and adjunctive steroids, the patient recovered completely without any sequelae. Pulmonary toxocariasis may be considered in patients with subacute or chronic pneumonia unresponsive to antibiotic agents, particularly in cases with eosinophilia. 相似文献
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Myeong Hee Kim Yee Hyung Kim So Young Kang Woo In Lee 《Indian journal of microbiology》2015,55(4):464-468
Non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) lung disease is increasing in prevalence. We analyzed the frequency of NTM lung disease among patients who are suspected of tuberculosis. NTM was isolated from about one-fourth of the mycobacterium culture-positive patients and about half of these had NTM lung disease. Therefore, NTM isolates should be routinely identified at the species level for adequate treatment. 相似文献
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A serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated 4-kilobase mRNA encodes a cyclooxygenase-related protein. 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
M K O'Banion H B Sadowski V Winn D A Young 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1991,266(34):23261-23267
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Young Bok CHO 《Entomological Research》2008,38(1):90-92
Two Korean species of the genus Bisnius Stephens are studied. Bisnius macies (Sharp), found along the seashore of some islands, is introduced for the first time in Korea. 相似文献
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Shinsaku Tokuda Young Hak Kim Hisako Matsumoto Shigeo Muro Toyohiro Hirai Michiaki Mishima Mikio Furuse 《PloS one》2015,10(12)
The relationship between chronic inflammation and cancer is well known. The inflammation increases the permeability of blood vessels and consequently elevates pressure in the interstitial tissues. However, there have been only a few reports on the effects of hydrostatic pressure on cultured cells, and the relationship between elevated hydrostatic pressure and cell properties related to malignant tumors is less well understood. Therefore, we investigated the effects of hydrostatic pressure on the cultured epithelial cells seeded on permeable filters. Surprisingly, hydrostatic pressure from basal to apical side induced epithelial stratification in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) I and Caco-2 cells, and cavities with microvilli and tight junctions around their surfaces were formed within the multi-layered epithelia. The hydrostatic pressure gradient also promoted cell proliferation, suppressed cell apoptosis, and increased transepithelial ion permeability. The inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) promoted epithelial stratification by the hydrostatic pressure whereas the activation of PKA led to suppressed epithelial stratification. These results indicate the role of the hydrostatic pressure gradient in the regulation of various epithelial cell functions. The findings in this study may provide clues for the development of a novel strategy for the treatment of the carcinoma. 相似文献
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Summary The calibration of a quantitative ELISA assay for monoclonal antibodies based on a photometric measurement may be carried out using a cubic polynomial function of the logarithm of the antibody concentration, The fit is good and the error structure is well suited to the least squares fit method. The antibody concentrations are obtained from the roots of the calibration equation calculated by the cubic formulae. 相似文献